Word: chiangs
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...mutineers read Chiang's private diary; there, it appeared, Chiang showed as much determination to fight Japan as they had themselves. A consultation took place among the captors. Communist General Chou En-lai was invited over from the Red positions nearby. His instructions from Moscow: Chiang was to be returned to Nanking...
...Japanese captured Nanking, Chiang moved the government upriver to Hankow and fought on; they captured Hankow, he moved to Chungking. When the ports were gone, Chinese coolies carved a Burma Road across the mountains. When the Japanese cut off Burma, after Pearl Harbor, the U.S. flew amounting load of war supplies "over the Hump...
...Japanese offered Chiang peace terms a dozen times; he never accepted. For Chiang's constancy, there was one notable acknowledgment: at Cairo in 1943, Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill promised the Generalissimo to crush Japan and restore all Chinese territory lost in half a century of struggle with the Japanese. Formally, China became one of the "Big Five." When the war ended, China drew a long breath and turned to reconstruction. The spearhead of Chiang's planned reconstruction of China was Manchuria, with its coal and iron and factories. At the last moment, it was snatched from China...
Part of the price the U.S. had paid Joseph Stalin at Yalta was a promise that the U.S. would support Russia's bid for a "special position" in Manchuria: control of the South Manchurian Railroad, Dairen and Port Arthur. Told about this deal months later, Chiang Kai-shek reluctantly accepted. Further, when the Russians marched into Manchuria, three days after the atom bomb on Hiroshima, they disarmed the Japanese, then handed the arms to the Chinese Communists. Chiang was not surprised. Even when both he and the Reds were arrayed against the Japanese, Chiang used to say: "The Japanese...
Arms in Manchuria. The Chinese Reds had fought a thoughtful war against Japan. They avoided direct battle, conserved their strength to use against Chiang. When the Russians opened the door of Manchuria to them after V-J day, they had a renewable arsenal...