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Garner is the first black woman ever hired by Wal-Mart to build a store. In the summer of 2003, when Wal-Mart began looking at Chicago's West Side, the company went searching for contractors to build stores in the city. Wal-Mart was looking for someone who could lay down a solid foundation, both on site and in the surrounding West Side community of Austin, where high unemployment and high retail prices prevail and the labor supply, while plentiful, has a few dents in it. "The community aspect is not something Wal-Mart has typically had to deal...
...both. Meanwhile, those communities extol the virtues of Wal-Mart, offering a buffer against the company's critics. Wal-Mart CEO Lee Scott is well aware of what a business partner like Garner does for the company's profile. "I like the image," he says. "In one part of Chicago you have ... an African-American woman who demolished the existing building ... and her team, which is largely minority business subcontractors, is going to be building a new store...
...move into the inner city has set off a debate in the black community about economic development. Traditional activists see the company as a corporate parasite. "Desperate people do desperate things. People would rather have a supermarket than not," says Jesse Jackson, whose Rainbow/PUSH Coalition is headquartered in Chicago. "But the point is that employment and development must go hand in hand. We need work where you can have a livable wage and health insurance, and retirement...
...with the West Side. He doesn't even come on the West Side," says Melvin Bailey, a local activist. "You'll hear a saying around here, and that is that a little bit of something is better than a lot of nothing." Denise Carter, 63, who lives in West Chicago and is disabled and retired, sees Wal-Mart as a salvation. "I'm happy Wal-Mart is coming," she says. "We need more bargains, and we need more jobs. I'm hoping I can take my grandson and granddaughter up there...
With a site on Chicago's West Side, in the impoverished Austin neighborhood, Wal-Mart has improved its score in the inner-city market. Last year Wal-Mart tried to put two stores in Chicago, both in black neighborhoods--one in Austin and another on the South Side, in more middle-class Chatham. The middle-class community, less desperate for the jobs, voted against the Wal-Mart store. The outcome in some ways duplicated Wal-Mart's split decision in California, where it lost a bid to open in Inglewood in Los Angeles County but succeeded in Oakland. Wal-Mart...