Word: chileanization
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...share of difficulties with Latin America lately. Peru expropriated the U.S.-owned International Petroleum Co., Mexico forced subsidiaries of U.S. mining companies to admit local partners, and 21 Latin American governments complained to President Nixon that U.S. business repatriates more in profits from their continent than it invests. Now Chileans are demanding majority ownership and a larger share of the profits from their huge copper industry, which is dominated by two U.S. companies-Anaconda and Kennecott. Chilean mines produced 741,000 tons of copper last year, about a sixth of the non-Communist world's total. Last week Anaconda...
Debate over Morality. Nearly five years ago, Frei was elected on a moderate platform that promised to "Chileanize" the country's copper industry, then largely U.S.-owned, and double production to move it from third place to first place in the non-Communist world. His government offered tax cuts in return for production increases and a share of the ownership. Kennecott in 1967 sold Chile 51% of its El Teniente mine and promised a large expansion of operations by 1971. Chile paid the company $80 million and cut its taxes in half-down to 44% of revenues. Chile also...
...annual 407,000-ton production, and 49% of an exploration company. Unlike Kennecott, Anaconda depends on Chile for most (61%) of its production and half of its earnings. The company reports that its profits from Chile totaled $99 million last year, about a 17% return on its investment; the Chilean government, using different base figures, calculates that Anaconda earns...
Charging that fatter U.S. profits from Chilean copper are "immoral," leftists renewed their demand for outright nationalization. Other Chileans complained that Anaconda is paying for the Exotica mine out of its windfall profits rather than by investing more U.S. dollars. Although Frei is trying to strengthen his fellow Christian Democrats before the 1970 elections, he is sticking to a moderate position. This month, he demanded a 51% share of Anaconda's Chuquicamata and El Salvador mines and an increase in the company's taxes. Later, he will also seek a larger share of profits from Kennecott and Cerro...
Returning to Santiago from a visit to neighboring Peru, Chilean Foreign Minister Gabriel Valdés hastily summoned U.S. Ambassador Edward Korry. In Lima, Valdés had held two long talks with Juan Velasco Alvarado, leader of the military junta that seized power last fall. Subject: the approaching showdown between Peru and the U.S., which neither nation really wants. Soon after his junta overthrew President Fernando Belaunde Terry in October, Velasco expropriated the U.S.-owned International Petroleum Co. As a result, the U.S., under a congressionally imposed retaliation called the Hickenlooper Amendment (TIME, Feb. 14), would have no choice...