Word: chinook
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...broad-beamed chinook salmon were coming home from the sea. Seattle's Lake Union swarmed with the far-ranging voyagers, and when the advance guard struggled up a fish ladder on the campus of the University of Washington, they got an unusually warm reception. Waiting to greet them was Professor (of Fisheries) Lauren R. Donaldson, their breeder, nurse and public relations man. For these were no ordinary salmon. Conceived on the campus, they were the third generation of college-bred chinooks, selected for vigor, meatiness and quick maturing. Dr. Donaldson hopes to develop them into a race of supersalmon...
Donaldson began his salmon improvement program in 1948 with fertilized eggs from chinook salmon that run up Soos Creek, well south of Seattle. He hatched the eggs in tanks on the campus and nursed the infant salmon until they grew into fingerlings. Then he washed them down a sluice into Lake Union, and they swam out into the Pacific. After four years, the college-bred salmon returned to the campus full grown, like old grads gathering for a class reunion...
Hereditary Vigor. Each succeeding year Donaldson has graduated groups of fingerling salmon, identifying their class by clipping their belly fins. In 1955 came a startling break; 48 of the fingerlings released in 1952 came back from the ocean full grown. This was revolutionary; chinook salmon normally take four years to reach maturity. Donaldson selected spawn from the best of the 48, nursed the hatchlings into fingerlings and launched them into the sea. The fast-growing trait proved permanent; in 1958 a startling proportion of the class of '55 returned full grown to the hatchery. They were...
Conservationist's Nightmare. The unexpected decision shocked the combine, which had spent $2,500,000 planning its smaller dams. And it enraged some 200,-ooo politically potent sports fishermen throughout the Northwest. The dams that industrialized the Northwest have blocked great runs of Chinook salmon and steelhead trout as they swarm in from the sea to spawn far upstream. Since pre-dam 1928, the commercial salmon catch on the Columbia River alone has decreased more than 50%. Millions have been spent on devices to help mature fish climb dams, get tiny fingerlings back safely through turbine blades...
Flying into Claremore from Washington to address the business-suited Blackfeet, Apache, Sioux, Mohawk, Chinook, Zuñi, Cheyenne, Chocktaw, Kickapoo and others was Commissioner Glenn Emmons himself, onetime New Mexico banker and a longtime neighbor and friend of the Navajo. Listing such Indian advances of the recent past as better health care and improved educational facilities, Emmons declared his own "confidence in the native capacities of Indian people-in their ability to pull themselves up by their own bootstraps if they are only given a decent opportunity." But, predictably, Emmons' words of encouragement fell on ruffled feathers...