Word: cholera
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...nicotine vaccine that works similarly to the cocaine vaccine - by stimulating the immune system to create antibodies that bind to drug molecules and prevent them from entering the brain. (Because people don't generally make natural antibodies to cocaine, the cocaine vaccine combines a cocaine molecule with an inactive cholera toxin; incidentally, the vaccine protects against cholera as well). (Read "Can Amphetamines Help Cure Cocaine Addiction...
...been the main treatment - in many places the only treatment - since the early 1970s, when U.N. officials first distributed sachets of sugar and salt to refugees in South Asia in an attempt to reduce cholera deaths. Today rehydration salts mixed with clean water are given to millions of poor across Africa and Asia. It works: the glucose in the water slows the exit of fluids from the body, allowing electrolytes to be absorbed through the intestinal walls and thus halting potentially deadly dehydration. (See pictures of the politics of water in Central Asia...
...going to Harare, he tells me he is an investor. I'm curious. Zimbabwe's economy has collapsed. The government of President Robert Mugabe has destroyed the country's currency. Several million people need food aid, millions more have fled, and an outbreak of cholera - that sure mark of destitution - has killed close to 5,000 and infected 20 times that number in the past year. What's to buy in Zimbabwe? "Graves," my neighbor replies. "Private cemeteries. Other places, I'll do minerals, farms, forests. In Zim, I'm in death...
...development aid until the new government shows evidence of true reform. Robertson asks, "Is Mugabe willing to meet the conditions [set by the West] of rule of law, etc....? He has shown he is not ready to do so." He adds, "Unless the West comes in, things like cholera outbreaks will remain, as we cannot afford to replenish our water and sewage system...
...deadliest pandemics in human history - the Black Death of the 14th century, which killed roughly 25 million people in Europe - resulted in massive social dislocation and doubt in an omnipotent God, which some scholars think led to the intellectual ferment of the Renaissance. Cholera, when it came to Europe in the 1830s, led to the overhaul of public health and sanitation. Human vulnerability can paradoxically lead to the triumph of human confidence - the knowledge that progress can survive even the most dreadful diseases...