Word: chou
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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DEATH! and LIBERATE WUHAN! Radio Peking broadcast an ultimatum ordering the rebels to surrender or be wiped out by the Chinese army. Amid this show of force, Premier Chou Enlai, Peking's most experienced mediator, quietly went to work behind the scenes to negotiate with General Chen for the release of the two prisoners. He succeeded, and last week the freed emissaries returned to Peking and a hero's welcome at the airport by Maoist officials including Chou and Mrs. Mao and tens of thou sands of cheering Pekingese...
...Shih-kun, topflight pianist and runner-up to Van Cliburn at the Moscow Tchaikovsky festival in 1958, had his wrists broken by Red Guards. Hung Hsien-nu, Canton's best-known opera singer, was tried by kangaroo courts, had her hair bobbed, and now works sweeping floors. Chou Hsin-fang, star of the Peking opera, and elderly Author Lao She (known in the West for Rickshaw Boy) have disappeared and are believed to be either dead or toiling in remote labor camps. Mao's China is indeed a land where, as Ma Ssu-tsung...
...attackers were tens of thousands of the very Red Guards whom Premier Chou En-lai last month ordered back to school. Those orders were part of a general damping down of revolutionary chaos in the interests of getting the spring grain crop planted and the economy moving. But last week's youthful display indicates that Mao has changed his mind about any letup. Wall posters, in fact, reported that Chou and other Maoist officials publicly admitted that it has been a mistake to disband the Red Guards...
Nonetheless, there have been some corridors of advancement open. Although it is probably the least powerful of the major institutions in China, the government bureaucracy (headed by Chou En-Lai) has provided a fair possibility for advancement. For example, 28 per cent of the cabinet ministers in 1960 were Central Committee members, but by early 1966 only 18 per cent were on the Central Committee. Similarly, 46 per cent of the provincial governors were Central Committee members in 1960, but now the figure is only 27 per cent. It is necessary to re-emphasize, however, that the "newcomers...
...staunch supporter and friend of Generalissimo Chiang Kaishek, Luce had nonetheless seen the Red handwriting on the wall. In 1946 he visited Nanking while the mission of General George Marshall was trying to effect a peace between the Kuomintang and the Communists. There, he went to see Chou Enlai, who was then the head of the Chinese Communist mission. Over steaming cups of tea, Chou professed to be weary of the negotiations, said that he would like to visit the U.S. "to study your impressive techniques of modern production." Wrote Luce later: "I must record the utter confidence as well...