Word: chou
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...hands of such pragmatic diplomats, Chinese foreign policy is likely to retain Chou En-lai's approach: pragmatic, outgoing and de-emphasizing ideology. Enjoying formal relations with well over 100 countries?including cordial ties with most of the key countries in its own region like Japan, the Philippines and Thailand?China is unlikely to return to narrow xenophobia...
...political education and the necessity to remain vigilant against "revisionist" ideas. Party officials take seriously the problem of retaining ideological purity and preventing the leadership from hardening into a "new class" of privileged bureaucrats. In recent weeks two high education officials, Tsinghua University Chief Lu Ping and Education Minister Chou Jung-hsin, have been angrily accused by students of "revisionist" practices?meaning too much emphasis on technical excellence and not enough on ideology. Two weeks ago, in the traditional New Year's editorial, China's newspapers celebrated the achievements of the Cultural Revolution...
Nonetheless, that same editorial advocated very un-Cultural Revolutionary means to attain China's goals; it banned the forming of "fighting groups" and declared that major issues of right and wrong "should be settled through debate." Most China watchers feel that the delicate balance struck by Chou between pragmatism and ideology?or between expertise and Redness?will endure...
Confidence that moderation may prevail in China is inspired by the success of a number of policies favored by Chou and carried out by Teng. China's trade deficit of more than $1 billion in 1974 was significantly reduced last year by cutting back on foreign imports. Meanwhile agricultural policy, as managed by Teng, has produced happy results: there has been a highly creditable 7% annual increase in grain production since 1972. Steel output has also risen by an impressive 10% a year since 1971, while oil output last year was about 25% higher than in 1974. So long...
Still, there remains a good chance that the future will bring factional challenges for Teng. The dominant group in China now consists of bureaucrats, led by Teng, whom Chou En-lai carefully restored to high positions after the chaos of the Cultural Revolution. These tough veteran bureaucrats constitute a rather exclusive club. Despite abundant official rhetoric urging cooperation among the young, the middle-aged and the old, there have been relatively few opportunities for the young within the party. Of the 19 current Politburo members, one is 90, two are over 80 and four others are over 70. Most...