Word: chou
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Success with the economy, of course, will depend on political stability. Premier Chou will have to find a way to satisfy growing demands from workers without unduly arousing leftists, who are worried about maintaining ideological purity. Fortunately, Chou's forte is precisely that sort of political tightrope walk. He has survived not only 25 years as Premier of the People's Republic, but has lasted 47 years as a member of the Politburo of China's Communist Party. He thus boasts a longer period of continuous pre-eminence than any other man, including...
...Chou has endured by being able to wield great power without giving the appearance of actively seeking it. Moreover, his talents have always meshed well with those of the willful, romantic Mao, who has directed his genius at broad theoretical problems rather than the administrative details at which Chou excels. The pattern was first established during the Long March in 1934 when Chou, who theoretically outranked Mao in the party hierarchy, deferred to the future Great Helmsman in a dispute over military strategy...
...Profile. Chou survived the Long March only by being carried for much of the last 1,000 miles on a stretcher. Later, during the fragile Kuomin-tang-Communist cease-fire of the war years, he served-with new Defense Minister Yeh Chien-ying as his deputy-as Communist liaison in China's wartime capital of Chungking. After the Communist seizure of power in 1949, Chou began building the state bureaucracy, traveling abroad, officiating at countless party meetings, mass organizations and the State Council. Most important for his survival, he knew how to maintain a low profile whenever Mao swung...
...Chou never made the fatal mistake of actively opposing Mao. When the Great Leap stumbled, it was Chou-not the Great Helmsman-who accepted the blame. During the hectic years of the Cultural Revolution, he went along to Red Guard rallies but when the situation became more unstable than even Mao had envisioned, Chou quietly saw to it that the nation's key scientists were not obstructed or development projects devastated by the rampaging Red Guards. At one point, Chou's own offices were besieged for two days by a mob of frenzied youths who described...
...Chou also remained in the background after 1969, when Lin Piao was moving to enlarge his power. Last year, when his program of pragmatic economic policies and his rehabilitation of formerly disgraced bureaucrats came under radical assault, he once again assumed a low profile. The ideological campaign to discredit Confucius and Lin Piao was used by radicals like Chiang Ching and Yao Wenyuan to attack the Premier, obliquely but unmistakably. Among other things, the campaign implicitly sliced at Chou by accusing Confucius of having "called to office those who had retired to obscurity," an allusion to Chou's rehabilitation...