Word: chromatin
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Specifically, there is a change in chromatin structure so that the DNA collapses and forms a crystal matrix, inhibiting gene expression. Instead of the dormant organism using energy to sense the environment, it acts as a biophysical switch—when environmental conditions change, the chromatin relaxes and gene expression can resume...
...will have other master regulatory genes deactivated. ES cells have the potential to become any other type of tissue cell, but how they do so is not clear and is essential if treatments are to be developed from research. This process of activating master regulatory genes is facilitated by chromatin, a histone protein structure that contains a cell’s DNA. If there is a methyl group anchored in a certain place on one histone protein, the gene nearby is activated (known as the K4 state). Conversely, if the methyl group attaches itself to another part of the protein...