Word: chromium
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Ever since, its engineers have poked into the earth's crust in search of deposits of vanadium, tungsten, chromium and other rare metals. In Peru it controls the world's largest vanadium deposits, and a leaching plant nearly three miles above sea level...
With test tube and spectroscope, the metallurgists reconstructed a revealing picture of arms-making inside the Axis countries. The Germans started the war with meager supplies of copper, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium, manganese-all considered vital for war. They showed great skill and ingenuity in finding workable substitutes. As early as 1934 they began to make shell cases of copper-coated steel instead of brass (which uses more copper). As war ate up their copper stocks, they shifted to electrolytic copper plating (a thinner coat), finally to a rust-retarding lacquer coating containing no copper...
Lacking nickel for hardening steel in armor plate, they first substituted chromium and molybdenum alloys, then used thin sheets of steel bonded together, which require much less alloy for hardening than does a single thick plate. The analysis showed the Germans used their small supply of alloy metals again & again, by painstakingly sorting the scrap from their wrecked armor, according to its alloy content...
...breezy shopping district to unveil a retail salon (Hollywood for shop). Next he bought 28,000 square feet of greenhouse and opened another retail store in San Gabriel, Calif., added a four-and-a-half-acre nursery plot in the famed San Fernando Valley. Thus bulwarked from field to chromium counter, Smith set out to make his flowers pay as handsomely as they grew...
...announcing that magnetism has currents which flow like electricity (TIME, May 22). At a Manhattan meeting of the American Physical Society last week, he told how he had projected a very fine light beam vertically in a glass tube, then dropped into the beam microscopic particles of matter (e.g., chromium). When the particles were smaller than the light's wave length, they fell straight down. But bigger particles, instead of falling straight, as they would have if affected only by gravity, fell in a corkscrew spiral, with regularly spaced turns...