Word: chronic
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Gawande said the study found that solitary confinement often leads to chronic apathy, lethargy, depression, and despair among prisoners, and that once released they are more likely to commit crimes than they were before being put in solitary confinement...
...Chronic public-finance problems are forcing countries to consider alternative funding for universities. Britain, for instance, introduced tuition in 1998. Fees to attend state universities are now capped at $4,800, but university officials say government grants barely cover half of what it costs to teach an undergraduate student. In order to remain competitive with the university systems in the U.S., Canada and China, Christopher Patten, the chancellor of Oxford University, told the annual conference of the Independent Schools Council in London last month that British tuition fees must be increased. "I don't think it is realistic...
Kenny's study did not include rats exposed to drugs, making direct comparison tricky, but other studies have found that chronic cocaine or heroin exposure leads to reductions in reward thresholds of 40% to 50%. (See nine kid foods to avoid...
...alcoholics and heroin addicts also show a down-regulation of this dopamine D2 receptor," says David Shertleff, director of the division of basic neuroscience and behavioral research at the National Institute on Drug Abuse. "This system is geared toward motivating behavior normally, but what's happening here is, with chronic exposure to highly fatty and sweet manufactured food, you're actually getting to a pathological state...
...other things you have to do," she told Ladies' Home Journal in an interview before her arrest. Psychologist Thomas Nagy, who has studied the stresses that dual-career couples face, says "where there is no balance and the career has demanded too much of the woman, there may be chronic sleep deprivation, stress-related disorders, anxiety, depression and sacrifices to parenting ability and quality of life." But, he adds, "it would be a mistake to assume that women who intentionally delay marriage to pursue other goals are less capable or mature...