Word: churches
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...municipio is a cluster of villages around a "ceremonial center," where there are the town hall, jail, church, marketplace and a school. In the municipio of Zinacantan, for example, most of the 7600 Indians live in the surrounding hamlets, called parajes, moving in to the center only when they hold one of the many religious or political posts, or have protracted business in the market. Travel between the center and the villages is frequent and routine. Each paraje has its own political structure, and the political system in the municipio draws on all the parajes. The Zinacantecos have an agricultural...
Woefully Evil. Original sin, says Haag, did not begin to excite widespread theological interest among early Christians until at least the 3rd century. And not until the 5th century-when St. Augustine formulated the doctrine fully and invented the name "original sin"-did it become a basic part of church doctrine. For Augustine, as for many theologians since, the idea of a primordial sin helped explain one of religion's oldest mysteries: the existence of evil in a world supposedly created by a good God. In his pessimistic view, man was himself the culprit, woefully evil because his soul...
...whole order of nature in heaven and on earth." To Martin Luther, man was simul justus et peccator-a sinner savable by God's grace received through faith alone. The 16th century Council of Trent re-endorsed Augustine's attack on Pelagianism for the Counter-Reformation Catholic Church. And only last year, Pope Paul rephrased the traditional understanding of original sin as part of his modern creed...
Innate Indifference. Original sin, in contemporary interpretations, is thus seen not as a stigma inherited from Adam but as a statement of the human condition-an idea that most Catholic revisionists defend as being well within the spirit of church teaching. Jesuit Henri Rondet, for example, says that original sin is "the ensemble of personal sin of men of all times." Dutch Theologian Ansfried Hulsbosch suggests that man is born to seek perfection; in so far as he fails to grow toward this spiritual goal, he is both "originally" and personally sinful. Englebert Gutwenger of Innsbruck University conceives of original...
Fierce Women. Zestfully efficient, Dr. Mead regularly goes to Broadway plays and Sunday Episcopal Church services, advises nearly 30 young anthropological field workers, serves on some seven boards and committees, writes a monthly column for Redbook magazine, and keeps 15 assistants hopping in her crowded tower office at the Natural History museum, where she is curator of ethnology. For all the familiarity of her views, she remains an original, with a capacity to shock and surprise. An enthusiast of interdisciplinary studies, she has organized countless sessions that have brought anthropologists together with men of widely varying disciplines. Although not enamored...