Word: circularized
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...held in the provinces since the end of the Cultural Revolution in 1969. For another, the military leaders, who tend to be relatively conservative and rigid, may feel that the endless leftist experimentalism of Mao Tse-tung has retarded China's development. A secret Central Committee circular of last summer, which found its way out of China only recently, reports on production declines in key industrial areas, as well as popular disaffection with Mao's latest ideological movement, the campaign to discredit Confucius and through remote guilt by association, former Defense Minister Lin Piao...
...Harvard continued to cite financial difficulties as the obstacle to equal admissions. This reasoning, advocates of one-to-one admissions argue, is either circular or false. Figures from other colleges suggest that increased coeducation--even with decreased male enrollment--has not diminished alumni contributions. (And equal admissions proponents have consistently opposed an increase in the size of the college...
...from except in the perpetuation--either through acquiesence or quiescence, the distinction is abstract--of unjust economic systems? How can student activism succeed--even if its successes will not be absolutely earth-shattering--if many students remain politically dormant? The rationalizations Riesman presents as prevailing student attitudes smack of circular, Catch-22 reasoning...
Were it to act out either of these scenarios of surprise, or some other, the court in effect would be vindicating St. Clair's bold, circular argument. Stripped of frills, that contention leaves the President virtually invulnerable. It says that he cannot be indicted by a grand jury unless he is first impeached and convicted in Congress, that he can be impeached only for offenses that are subject to criminal indictment and that he is the only rightful arbiter of what evidence in his possession should be made available either to the courts or to the Congress...
...circular dilemma: Is a leader chosen only after a critical, reasonably mature, well-informed public has decided roughly where it wants to be led; or does a leader appear first to tell the public where it wants to be led? Woodrow Wilson held that leadership is "interpretation" or articulation: "The forces of the public thought may be blind; [the leader] must lend them sight; they may blunder; he must set them right." But Wilson cautioned that the leader must not get too far ahead of his public: "He must read the common thought; he must test and calculate very circumspectly...