Word: ciskei
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...grisly outcome was predictable. The 60,000 African National Congress supporters who marched to the border of South Africa's so-called independent homeland of Ciskei were not unexpected. The chanting A.N.C. demonstrators had vowed to storm the capital, Bisho, and unseat the military government of Brigadier Oupa Gqozo. When they broke through a gap in a razor-wire fence at the border, trigger-happy troops of the Ciskei army began shooting directly into the crowd. After two prolonged bursts of gunfire, 28 people lay dead in pools of blood; another 400 were wounded, either by gunfire...
Buoyed by the whiff of freedom in the South African air, the country's blacks strained to break one of apartheid's shackles last week by rising up against the Pretoria-installed leaders of two tribal homelands. In coastal Ciskei, army officers overthrew the government of "President for Life" Lennox Sebe. In Bophuthatswana, in north-central South Africa, troops and police rushed in to quell a popular revolt against President Lucas Mangope. Security forces also braced for trouble in Venda, in the country's northern...
Although the Ciskei putsch was bloodless, 27 people died in ensuing riots. Eleven people were killed in Bophuthatswana. Among the demands of the rebellious blacks: reintegration of their homelands into South Africa. Ciskei, Bophuthatswana and Venda are among ten territories made nominally independent or self-governing since 1972. By relegating blacks to these impoverished areas, Pretoria hoped to leave the rest of South Africa to the whites...