Word: citizenship
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Botha confined the remainder of his speech to summarizing the government's plans for racial reform. He promised to restore South African citizenship to blacks who live within South Africa but whose citizenship previously had been assigned to one of four "independent" tribal homelands. He also proposed extending to blacks in urban townships the right to buy, instead of merely rent, their own homes. He affirmed that the government will issue an identity document to South Africans of all races, replacing the "passes" that blacks are currently required to carry at all times...
...began cooking up fresh workfare programs. "Obligation" is a word that workfare supporters use frequently, arguing that welfare recipients have not fulfilled their responsibilities as citizens. Lawrence Mead, professor of politics at New York University, makes such a case in his new book, Beyond Entitlement: The Social Obligations of Citizenship (Free Press; $19.95). His most controversial theme: the poor need to have standards of behavior set for them. "We have to say, 'You have a real obligation we're not going to let you get away from,' " says Mead. Workfare, he maintains, can give poor people the discipline he feels...
...underlying problem of second-class citizenship for Quad residents has not been dealt with. For as nice as Briggs may be (and some even question how nice it is), College promises to make life in the suburbs even nicer than city-dwelling--to counter the long morning and evening rush hour commutes--have not been fulfilled...
...majority opinion argues that citizenship cannot be mandated--this is anti-democratic and hence citizenship must be cultivated through voluntary efforts. I find this contention flawed in several respects. First of all, the idea of purely voluntary citizenship is highly unrealistic in this country. In an individualistic, free-market society like ours, where most of one's energies are devoted to personal advancement or economic survival, there is very little room for the exercise of civic virtue, especially among the economically disadvantaged, and a general cultivation of citizenship has dim prospects. Our nation is instead plagued by voter apathy, widespread...
...with economic competition from other sectors. The use of economic incentives would attract only the less-advantaged and again not provide for the common civic effort that would undermine the psychological bases for bigotry, sexism and class divisions. Incidentally, I find it puzzling that the editors who argue that citizenship should be motivated by altruism would advocate economic incentives for its exercise...