Word: civil
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...public opinion. The state of the judiciary, too, also contains a kernel of hope. Yes, last year Musharraf dealt it a devastating blow by dismissing the country's most senior and independent judges. But the reaction to his move - a courageous and visible protest movement led by lawyers and civil society, and supported by the media - has emboldened politicians to push for the restoration of the judiciary, a task at which now, after the election, they might well succeed...
...Iqbal never lived to see his ideas put into practice. He died nine years before Pakistan became independent on Aug. 14, 1947. Ever since, Pakistan has staggered between bouts of inept civilian government punctuated by military coups. In 1971, East Pakistan seceded in a brutal civil war that saw hundreds of thousands dead. Religion, which Iqbal theorized should have no place in government, was an easy source of political legitimacy for leaders struggling to hold what was left of the fractious country together. The success of Ayatullah Khomeini's Islamic revolution in neighboring Iran eight years later launched a revival...
DIED When a rumor spread that lynching was likely for civil rights activist James Orange--confined in an Alabama jail after his 1965 arrest during a voter-registration drive--it set in motion the protests and marches that led to the Voting Rights Act of 1965. An aide and friend to Martin Luther King Jr., Orange was with him the day that King was assassinated. Orange worked for the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, the AFL-CIO and, most recently, the Martin Luther King Jr. Committee...
...Cuba in 1998, which Castro used to demonstrate his supposed openness, is credited with renewing religious sentiment across the island. Havana officials say today that the country now counts 520 Catholic parish churches, two seminaries, 1,000 priests and 1,500 Catholic missionaries. Bertone, who was invited by both civil and church authorities, is arriving in part to commemorate the 10-year anniversary of John Paul II's momentous visit. But his choice to stay six days, and hold a series of public masses and private encounters, is a sign that Bertone has big ambitions for the trip. His official...
...Since the U.S. invasion of Iraq, however, the stakes have gotten higher. As a conspicuous (and prosperous) minority group, Christians have made easy targets for all sides of Iraq's sectarian civil war. Because Ankawa is situated in the relative safety of Kurdistan, the town of 20,000 has seen its population jump by a half in just a matter of years as refugees have poured in from violence further south. Osama Thomas, the owner of Love Vision, a store in Ankawa that makes wedding videos, said about 80 percent of his clients were from Baghdad (which he left...