Word: civilianization
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Significantly, Chang is a civilian; so is Teng, though he is a former member of Peking's National Defense Council and a political commissar who is highly respected by most army commanders. Their elevation to top army posts symbolizes Peking's ongoing effort to reassert firm civilian control over a professional military. The appointments also had political meaning. Just two years ago, Teng was still in disgrace, a victim of the Cultural Revolution's excesses; now, highly placed in all three of China's most powerful institutions, the party, the government and the army...
...Mekong River city of Neak Luong, the last major government-held area on the river from a point 15 miles south of Phnom-Penh all the way to the Vietnamese border 71 miles distant. While 1,000 government troops were being helicoptered into the city-joining some 20,000 civilian refugees from the surrounding countryside-Communist forces on the opposite bank of the river kept up a terrifyingly random shelling that killed or maimed hundreds of civilians as well as soldiers...
...disclaimed responsibility for the Paris incident. The Lebanese border fighting was a different matter. Guerrillas, reportedly including members of the Syria-based Saiqa and Palestine Liberation Army units, were in the Arqub looking for chinks in the Israeli border. That border, as a result of earlier Palestinian attacks on civilian settlements, has now been almost hermetically sealed. The frontier, reported TIME'S Daniel Drooz after a trip there last week, is rigged with devices to forestall infiltration. There are observation posts, defoliated zones, minefields and electronic detectors, searchlights and magnesium flares for nighttime detection and barbed wire. "If they...
...Civilian stress took different forms...
...nation's top general and its top civilian almost fell to blows last weekend--in a dispute over which of them should have given the order for a Navy carrier task force sailing toward the Indian Ocean to feint toward Vietnam, as a "warning to Hanoi." Gen. George S. Brown, chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and Henry A. Kissinger '50, secretary of state, evidently had no disagreement on the desirability of such a "signal of American determination"--though Brown, who after all lacks Kissinger's training as a historian, did not specifically suggest that the Gulf of Tonkin...