Word: civilianization
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Skunk Works. Johnson, who retires this month shortly before his 65th birthday, received the Air Force's highest civilian medal that December afternoon in Ohio, and later the same day was inducted into the Aviation Hall of Fame. Those were only the latest tributes in an extraordinary career. During more than four decades at Lockheed, Johnson personally directed the design and production of 40 planes, including the first American combat jet (F-80), the U-2 spy plane and the Mach 3 (three times the speed of sound) SR-71, which recently flew from New York to London...
...Russian archrivals, Artem Mikoyan and Mikhail Gurevich. Kelly achieved an even more impressive performance from the Mach 2 F-104 Starfighter ("the missile with a man in it"), which is only now about to be phased out as NATO's dominant plane. Nor did Johnson neglect civilian aircraft; his graceful three-rudder four-engine Constellations set standards for speed, range and comfort for long-distance travel round the world...
...union for the army was organized in 1966, it was not considered as outlandish an idea as it might have seemed elsewhere. The union started off by demanding better pay for underpaid conscripts and soon began pushing for better working and living conditions. "A soldier is only a civilian in uniform," says Private Jan Witting, chairman of the Union of Dutch Conscripts, "and he should have all the rights of other citizens under the constitution...
...Wrath of God Squad, purportedly attached to the office of Premier Yitzhak Rabin, was responsible. Although Israeli officials denied both the existence of the squad and the participation of any military units in the attack, they did not issue a similar denial on behalf of Israel's civilian intelligence agencies...
...involvement of the military in Latin American politics has, in general, differed little from one country to the next. In Argentina, in 1943, the army intervened and ousted a government characterized by political in-fighting that had created in the eyes of the military an image of civilian incompetence. In Brazil, in 1964, the armed forces assumed power when a left-leaning civilian president created deep social conflicts by his increasingly radical policies. In Chile, in 1973, the military took control of the country when it decided that the civilian government had adopted social and economic policies that had caused...