Word: civilianized
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...most startling turnabout, however, was the unexpected decision by the junta that had repressively ruled Greece since April 1967 to return the country to a civilian government. Though there had been rumbles of discontent in the military ever since the reckless Cyprus coup and especially after Greece's humiliating inability to oppose Turkey's invasion of Cyprus, experts expected nothing more than the replacement of one general by another. Or, they feared, younger ultranationalist officers bent on war against Turkey and unification of Cyprus and Greece might attempt a coup and make Greece even more militant and authoritarian...
Shaken and Unsure. The change came without warning. After a weekend of fighting on Cyprus, President Gizikis, a lieutenant general, called an emergency meeting last Tuesday of eight of his country's most illustrious civilian leaders and four of the highest-ranking military men. His voice cracking with emotion, he told the men, who included four ex-Premiers and four ex-Cabinet members, that Greece was without a government...
Gizikis explained that only a civilian coalition of national unity could extricate Greece from its difficulties. The four officers nodded their assent and pledged that the armed forces would "return to the barracks" and stay out of politics...
...week the young officers of the Armed Forces Movement, the rebel group that overthrew the regime of Marcello Caetano last April and ended half a century of dictatorial rule in Portugal, finally decided to flex their muscles publicly. In short order, the men of A.F.M. forced the resignation of civilian Prime Minister Adeline da Palma Carlos, a moderate, and got their own man installed as his successor. They then presided over the appointment of a new military-dominated Cabinet. As one Lisbon newspaper editor observed, "The young officers have carried out a second coup...
...Cabinet maintains a semblance of the revolutionary government's political coloration, but civilian representation has been pared down. Socialist Leader Mario Scares remains as Foreign Minister, while the Communists' Alvaro Cunhal continues as a minister without portfolio. The Communists, however, lost the important labor post to a young air force captain, who presumably will be more inclined to take a tough stand against demands for higher wages. The Popular Democrats, a left-center party that had two portfolios in the old Cabinet, now have only one post...