Word: civilianized
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Several of the largest American contractors, notably Textron's Bell Helicopter Division, Grumman, Lockheed and Boeing, are protected from big losses by the standard U.S. guarantees for arms sales. But other companies involved in civilian projects have no recourse, except to Iranian courts. For example, Brown & Root, the Texas-based construction company, whose $1.2 billion contract to build a naval base was canceled, has made little progress in persuading the Iranians to settle on termination damages. Fluor had completed 95% of a refinery near Isfahan before the revolution made further work too hazardous and is insisting upon back payments...
...Tanzanian army officials say that fewer than 200 of their soldiers have been killed, compared with about 1,000 of Amin's troops and 300 to 400 of the Libyan soldiers that Strong man Muammar Gaddafi sent to Amin's aid. There are no reliable estimates of civilian casualties, but they were apparently low. The Tanzanian force has been reasonably well disciplined, though there have been repeated reports that soldiers, both Tanzanian and Ugandan, have been commandeering automobiles, looting houses and in a few cases killing civilians. Nyerere, who admitted that the war against Amin cost his country...
...until being sprung by air force compatriots, he had been locked up in an Accra prison while being court-martialed for his role in plotting an abortive coup in May. Second, the overthrow of Akuffo's regime came only two weeks before elections that were supposed to restore civilian government to Ghana after 13 years of almost uninterrupted military rule. A spokesman for the newly installed Armed Forces Revolutionary Council, which Rawlings now heads, announced over Ghana's official radio station that the election would take place on schedule. The spokesman warned, however, that the planned transition...
...rigging. As a first step in reform, he ordered the arrest of a host of high-ranking officials suspected of graft, including former President Acheampong, who had leniently been exiled to his native village in lieu of being tried. Rawlings followed up the arrests with a blunt warning to civilian winners of the forthcoming elections: "Anyone of you who misuses the opportunity to serve the country will be shot outright...
Military veterans have been given a leg up at getting government jobs since the Civil War. To reward sacrifice and ease the transition into civilian life, the Federal Government as well as almost every state gives veterans some sort of preference over other public job seekers. In Massachusetts, the preference is permanent and absolute: veterans have a lifetime right to be hired before anyone else anytime they pass the civil service test...