Word: civilianized
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...Vietnam War escalated, Students for aDemocratic Society confronted Defense SecretaryRobert S. McNamara outside Quincy House anddemanded that he account for civilian casualties.McNamara finally escaped the mob by ducking intothe University's underground tunnels. Nearly 2700undergraduates signed a letter of apology toMcNamara, but they seemed to disapprove only ofSDS's manners, not its opposition to the war. Thefirst major national anti-war rally in New Yorkdrew dozens of buses from Cambridge...
True enough, the democrats have not yet prevailed. Suchinda Kraprayoon, the general who made himself Prime Minister in April, stepped down Sunday after his coalition withdrew its support. But the generals in the past have proved adept at ruling through civilian figureheads. After 60 years holding the real power in the country, the military is deeply entrenched throughout society; these "businessmen in uniforms" own or control hundreds of enterprises, including two nationwide TV channels, 200 radio stations and their own bank. The army remains popular among peasants, who are still a majority of the population and provide most...
...recently as February 1991, the country sat still for a bloodless military coup that overthrew a more-than-usually-corrupt elected civilian government. Corruption at least was the stated reason for the coup; the real motivation was that the army feared that this government, unlike most nominally headed by civilians, would actually try to shake loose from the soldiers' behind-the- scenes control...
...their lessening prestige, however, the generals behaved in especially ham-handed fashion, flouting earlier pledges to restore democracy by ramming through a constitution that virtually institutionalized military control of the government -- and then having their parliamentary coalition name Suchinda Prime Minister, despite a clear popular preference for an elected civilian...
...fighting, "no one can stop you from going anywhere you want." It usually was possible to drive right into a battle -- and impossible to avoid shelling and sniper fire; some of his friends were in fact killed. To militiamen in a civil war, says Chris, "if you're a civilian you're down in a basement. If you're above ground you must be another combatant, and you're fair game." How can one take pictures under those conditions? "You don't," says Morris simply. "You spend most of the time hiding in ditches and basements." He adds, though, that...