Word: civilianizes
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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However, one of the most extensive reforms proposed by the Science Action Coordinating Committee deserves more emphasis than it has so far received. The group has suggested that all federal research funds for pure science be disbursed through civilian agencies rather than through the armed services. The Defense Department would then control only those projects with a "direct relation to military necessity...
...Russians were to begin arms shipments-they have already offered civilian aircraft-the U.S. response would be immediately hostile. But until that point is reached, the new Soviet amiability campaign seems to have the U.S. baffled. To the irritation of his southern neighbors, President Nixon neither made traditional mention of them in his Inaugural address nor has so far chosen an Assistant Secretary of State for Inter-American Affairs. Last week the President did announce that New York's Governor Nelson Rockefeller, who was a State Department Inter-American Affairs officer under F.D.R. and today maintains a Venezuelan ranch...
Pusey's letter raises the traditional argument that ROTC civilianizes the military and thus serves a democratic purpose. It is an argument which originated in the 1920's and 1930's, when the relatively simple level of training required for military duties still permitted something approximating a true citizen army. Since the Second World War, however, the growth of military technology has carried with it a new emphasis on the recruitment of career officers through ROTC. Even more importantly, the same expansion of technology, and the diffusion of military production throughout the American economy, have tended to obliterate the distinctions...
...civilian army arguments continues to have a certain attraction, because it suggests a certain kind of patrician concern with the national good. That is the spirit which permeates President Pusey's letter, and which, it may be assumed, must have permeated the Corporation's deliberations. It is the spirit of the 1950's, of a time of low expectations, when every ideal had proven empty and we hoped for no more than to hold on to what we had. It was a time of eternal conflict ("....when it became apparent that this country was destined to maintain a large military...
West Berliners feared that his presence this time might foreshadow Warsaw Pact maneuvers in East Germany that could be used as a pretext for closing all ground routes to the city-and perhaps even for sending MIGs to buzz civilian airliners in the air corridors, as the Soviets did in 1965. Those fears were reinforced by Allied intelligence reports that the Soviets and East Germans had begun to move troops into the vicinity of West Berlin's land access routes...