Word: civilianizes
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...facts was a massive research job carried out over a period of several weeks by Correspondents Robin Mannock and Dan Coggin and Saigon Bureau Chief Simmons Fentress. Their sources, in the main, were captured documents, defectors from the Viet Cong ranks, captured suspects in the field, and military and civilian experts. Much of their work involved long, tedious probing into material that did not seem to mean much by itself, but which made up important pieces of the puzzle that is the Viet Cong.* The correspondents, as well as Senior Editor Richard Seamon and Writer Jason McManus working...
...military balance is in this war. Abraham Lincoln, Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman worried about such grand maneuvers as the march to the sea, the invasion of France and the evacuation from Changjin Reservoir. Truman, in his decision not to bomb Red China, came the closest to exercising civilian authority in a framework of limited war. Lyndon Johnson, on the other hand, worried about whether he should allow the Air Force to bomb a power plant in Hanoi that stood a scant li miles from Ho Chi Minh's home. Ultimately, he did. It is such concern with minutiae...
...thing that irritates and perplexes Americans is the political caution inherent in a limited war. "It is not civilian control that the intelligent military man objects to," said the army general who ran the World War II Manhattan Project, Leslie Groves, in 1959. "It is the constant interference with the operations necessary to accomplish the missions assigned. The wise housekeeper stays out of the kitchen when the cook is preparing dinner." The grand philosopher of warfare, Prussian General Karl von Clausewitz, approached the question from quite a different perspective. "The subordination of the political point of view to the military...
...keeping with the American political system, the war as was true in all preceding conflicts-is being run on the strategical and diplomatic level by elected or appointed civilians, on the tactical level by military professionals. Because of the complexity inherent in a war of limited purpose, the civilian, political control of Viet Nam is that much more intense. The American generals in Viet Nam have civilians looking over their shoulders at all times; General William Westmoreland confers at least twice a week with Ambassador Ellsworth Bunker, presents the White House with tactical and strategic plans worked...
...soul of the N.L.F." Its five regional committees, .supervising the five areas into which COSVN has divided South Viet Nam, are each headed by a man with military experience. From province to district to village committee, and on down to hamlets where everyone has both a military and civilian job to do, everyone takes his orders from overhead, meaning ultimately from Hanoi. The organization embraces...