Word: civilization
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Enforcement Intelligence Unit to share their files on a more systematic basis. Almost unknown to outsiders, L.E.I.U. has since acquired a membership of 227 state and local police departments in the U.S. and Canada. Now, like the FBI a few years ago, L.E.I.U. is being criticized by civil libertarians who suspect it of spreading vague suspicions about citizens who may have done nothing worse than champion unpopular political causes...
Some 400 of L.E.l.U.'s cards have been obtained by Chicago Civil Rights Lawyer Richard Gutman as a result of a still pending class-action suit he filed against the Chicago police department in 1974, charging the force with politically motivated surveillance and harassment that was unconstitutional. Gutman admits that most of the cards cover the activities of suspected criminals, but he says that 64 bear information that is basically political. One card described a former University of Washington professor as a "Marxist scholar . . . present at many demonstrations in Seattle," none of which has anything to do with...
...Civil libertarians have other gripes about L.E.I.U. Linda Valentino, who has investigated the network for the American Friends Service Committee, points out that L.E.I.U. cards are based on arrest records, with no notation of the disposition of the case; thus a card might state that a subject had been arrested but fail to note that the case against him had been dropped or the person acquitted. Worse, if L.E.I.U. receives a query about someone on whom it has no information, it will automatically start a file on that person...
...forces fought back with savage efficiency. His strategy was to let the Sandinistas take temporary control of the cities, "using up their ammunition first," then to deliver a devastating counterpunch of firepower. Such tactics made a huge toll of innocent noncombatants inevitable. In the bloodiest fighting of a civil war that has simmered along for 18 months, many thousands died, most of them civilians. Carrying white flags, at least 200,000 refugees poured out of the barrios in Managua, León, Masaya and Matagaipa to escape the indiscriminate raids by government T-33 jets, rocket-equipped Cessnas and lumbering...
Opposition to Somoza has been hardening since the murder in early 1978 of Pedro Joaquin Chamorro, editor of the stridently antigovernment Managua daily La Prensa, which was burned to the ground last week by Somoza's troops. The resentment flared into a full-fledged civil war in which at least 2,000 died after a Sandinista force led by the now legendary Comandante Cero (zero) briefly seized the National Palace in Managua last fall. Since then political moderates have reluctantly rallied to the Sandinista cause. As one businessman told TIME Correspondent Bernard Diederich: "If the FSLN wins...