Word: civilizations
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Bull" Connor is a big voice in Birmingham, where a smelter economy, stamped onto Alabama's rural culture, makes a melting pot of raw men as well as raw metals. Birmingham, settled six years after the Civil War, is no repository of genteel Southern tradition and or moderation, has been keyed to violence, whether labor troubles in the 1930s or desegregation in the 1950s. And Birmingham's white country people, teeming in from piney woods to steel mills, view desegregation less as an abstract threat to be fended off by lawyers than as a specific, bread-and-butter...
Established last year under the first major civil rights legislation since Reconstruction, the six-member U.S. Civil Rights Commission spent nearly a year getting itself organized, set this week for its first formal hearings. Predictably, it ran right off the bat into something less than Southern hospitality...
...Southerners arrived in Washington determined to second the vote of the Louisiana Democratic State Central Committee and oust moderation-minded Louisiana National Committeeman Camille F. Gravel Jr., who, since 1954, has backed several civil rights measures. Gravel was supported by National Chairman Paul Butler, who insisted that only the National Committee itself can boot one of its members. Gravel won a resounding 91-to-15 vote of endorsement...
...weeks before the National Committee meeting, some of the Southerners had had bigger game in mind than Camille Gravel: Chairman Butler, who for months had been daring them to get out of the party if they could not line up with national Democratic policy on civil rights. But in the elections' aftermath, with liberals more clearly in party control than at any time in the last decade, and with a smashing victory on the record, most realistic Southern committee members had given up any hope of deposing Butler. In the event, they got their faces rubbed in the ashes...
...created the post of Inspector General of National Defense as a niche into which General Raoul Salan, the Algerian commander in chief, could be gracefully moved. Salan's position of power will be diluted into a two-man job. The civilian functions will go to a brilliant civil servant, Paul Delouvrier, 44, the financial head of the European Coal and Steel Community, who recently completed a fact-finding tour of Algeria for De Gaulle...