Word: civilize
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...relayed to the next strong point.* There were some bright spots: the Government had driven the Communists from their main seaside base, in Shantung; had won some local gains in the north. These, however, were details; the important news from China was that the Communists were winning the civil war, and would go on winning it unless Nanking found new sources of men, money and arms...
...loves to tell tall tales (he files his favorites in a little black book, which he carries around with him). An ardent student of military history, he also likes to debunk such heroes as General Custer (TIME, Aug. 18), and to refight old battles (once, toting an armload of Civil War books, he visited Gettysburg and reconstructed the battle so vividly that his account is now the official one taught at the Army War College...
...American medical officer" a Civil War surgeon named Jonathan Letterman...
...Letterman, Hawley is fond of explaining, who originated the system of medical field service now used by every army in the world. When the Civil War began, the Union had no medical service worth the name. There were no litter bearers and no means of taking wounded from the battlefield. At the Battle of Gaines's Mill the Army of the Potomac abandoned more than 2,500 wounded to the Confederates. After the second Battle of Bull Run, dying men lay on the battlefield for five days. The only escape for a wounded man was to be helped from...
Letterman went on to develop the system of division field hospitals (and hospitals at railheads and embarkation points) which remained the basic structure of military medical care through World War II. But he died in comparative obscurity, seven years after the Civil War's end. "Compared with what Letterman did for the wounded soldier," says Hawley, "the contributions of Florence Nightingale seem small...