Word: civilizing
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...take substantial pride in what HUD and I did for blacks and other minorities. Among other things, after eight years of hard work, the Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 was passed. Civil rights activists hailed it as the most important civil rights legislation in 20 years. I am just as proud of my role within the Cabinet to maintain a strong federal affirmative-action program and to secure an extension of the Voting Rights Act and to help the President resolve the tax-exempt status of Bob Jones University...
...supporters, including Texas billionaire H. Ross Perot and the National Organization for Women, she is Mother Courage personified. Dr. Elizabeth Morgan, 42, a plastic surgeon, has spent two years in jail -- without benefit of trial -- for civil contempt of court. Her offense: refusing to disclose the whereabouts of her daughter Hilary, now 7, to Washington Judge Herbert B. Dixon Jr., who had ordered unsupervised visits with her ex-husband, oral surgeon Eric Foretich, 46, whom Morgan charges with sexually abusing the child...
...rape charges out of malice against Foretich; her defiance of Dixon's order, they argue, is a sign of obsession, not maternal devotion. To ethicists and legal scholars, the case raises some troubling questions: Should there be time limits on a judge's right to jail a person for civil contempt? Does a parent, where suspicions of sexual abuse exist, have a moral right to defy the courts to protect a child...
Morgan's ordeal should soon be coming to an end. Last week the Senate passed a bill that sets a one-year limit on the length of time an individual in a child-custody case can be jailed for civil contempt in the District of Columbia without facing trial for criminal contempt. Morgan could be freed once the Senate bill is reconciled with somewhat broader legislation previously passed by the House. Meanwhile, on Sept. 20, the full District of Columbia Appeals Court is set to hear oral arguments on a ruling last month by a three-member panel...
...nonviolent alternative to armed struggle has also failed to break apartheid. The M.D.M. stages isolated events in its "defiance campaign" but has been unable to put together a sustained strategy of mass civil disobedience that could successfully challenge the government's power. If thousands of blacks staged sit-ins, walk-ins and swim-ins at segregated institutions every day for months, the system could crack under the strain...