Word: claimed
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Dates: during 1890-1899
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...that of the Princeton debate. The Harvard speakers, C. H. Scovell, A. Black and J. D. Williams, excelled in form and analysis of the subject and their rebuttal was particularly good. For Worcester, J. T. Madden, W. E. Prince, and F. J. Rooney based their arguments on England's claim to suzerainty and her right to demand a reduction of the franchise requirements. The Freshmen showed that Great Britain had neither special rights under the conventions nor general rights in international law to interfere, and that the Transvaal was willing to make some concessions. Williams' speech in rebuttal...
British colored citizens were maltreated, and in the law British subjects received unfair treatment. These two facts gave England the right to interfere. Even setting aside the special justification of England's claim, there still remains the broader, the firmer, the higher ground of the supreme law of mankind, the inalienable right of any international state to protect its citizens from injustice in a foreign land...
...administrative agents of the Transvaal, and the means of obtaining legal redress have been exhausted in vain, since British subjects have suffered from the unfair administration of the laws, and since the laws themselves have constituted grievous oppression, the general principles of international law sanctioned England's claim to a right to interfere...
...Jones '00, the last speaker for Princeton, said that the negative did not undertake to defend any actions of the present war, but did claim that England's interference was not justifiable. The policy of England in South Africa is tending to tear the races asunder, to destroy all relations that ever existed between England and the Boers. Furthermore, the few instances cited by the affirmative show no more proof of a state of mob law in the Transvaal than our 127 lynchings last year prove that the United States is in a state of riot...
Morse, who made the final rebuttal speech of the evening, summed up the preceding speeches of both sides. The claim that the condition of affairs in the Transvaal was intolerable, stood untouched by the negative. International law gave England the right to interfere for the protection of her subjects and even of the natives--a right promised by the Boers in the negotiations regarding the conventions. But conventions aside, England had the general right to protect her citizens, and Princeton did not deny this. The South African troubles had to be faced by England, but, in facing them...