Word: cleaning
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...House proposal brought a swift protest from U.S. carmakers, who contended that the clean-air standards would raise car prices and strain technical resources. The companies argued that auto exhaust is already 96% cleaner than it was before pollution-control measures were introduced two decades ago. Noting that the House limits would be tougher than those President Bush put forward in his clean-air package last summer, General Motors President Robert Stempel asserted, "For our business it would be extremely tough. It went further than the President proposed, and we're deciding how to handle...
...House vote marked a truce between feuding Democrats John Dingell of Michigan, a dogged opponent of auto regulation, and California's Henry Waxman, a champion of even stricter standards for clean air. The compromise proposal would cut emissions of nonmethane hydrocarbons, a key ingredient in smog, which can now average no more than 0.41 gram per mile for a carmaker's fleet. The House action would place a limit of 0.25 gram per mile on all cars by 1996; the output of nitrogen oxide, another source of smog, would be required to fall from 1 gram per mile...
...Stempel argued that the stricter requirements would raise car prices in regions that are free of smog. Declared a Chrysler spokesman: "If you lived in Resume Speed, N. Dak., you would be paying for a piece of equipment that you simply did not need to keep your air clean...
...standards on to the other. "The carmakers want to say 'reformulate the gasoline,' " says William Randol, an oil-industry analyst for First Boston. "But who will make the investment to do this?" He noted that Shell Oil has estimated that it would cost billions of dollars to develop new clean-burning gasolines...
...companies have been slow to respond to such initiatives. Atlantic Richfield was the first in Southern California; last summer it introduced a clean-burning unleaded gasoline designed to power older vehicles built to use leaded fuel. The Los Angeles-based company said the new brand, Emission Control-1, has been favorably -- if not overwhelmingly -- received since it replaced Arco's leaded gas last month. Edward Reilly, senior vice president for marketing, said EC-1 sales were slightly ahead of previous levels for leaded gas, although the two fuels cost the same...