Word: clergymen
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FitzGerald's account begins in the early 1800s, when U.S. schools relied heavily on textbooks because of a shortage of trained teachers. The dependence was so marked that textbook use in Europe became known as "the American system." The authors, often clergymen, had no problem defining the national identity: it was white, Protestant and suspicious of foreigners. The Rev. Jedidiah Morse, for example, a friend of Dictionary Compiler Noah Webster's and the author of America's first geography textbook, described the Spanish as "naturally weak and effeminate...
...league last month enlisted some 100 clergymen and -women of various faiths to apply pressure by lobbying members of Congress, hoping to blunt the religious side of the abortion issue, which has long been dominated by the Roman Catholic clergy. Said one rebellious Catholic priest, Father Joseph O'Rourke, who was among the pro-choice lobbyists in Washington: "The antiabortionists are antifree, antiwomen and anti-Christian...
...weeks earlier Major General Mohammed Vali Gharani, who was army chief of staff briefly under the revolutionary government, had been shot down outside his home by three unknown attackers. But Motahari's killing was especially ominous, since he was a member of the Revolutionary Council, a group of clergymen and other figures who report to the revolution's spiritual leader, Ayatullah Ruhollah Khomeini, and the provisional government of Prime Minister Bazargan. The names of the members of the Revolutionary Council have never been revealed for fear of endangering their lives...
...panel of revolution aries appointed to watch over the country's internal security, had taken over the government of France. Under the pressures of war from Britain, The Netherlands, Austria and Prussia, and the threat of civil war in the provinces, the Committee condemned hundreds of aristocrats, clergymen and ordinary folk to their death on charges of plotting counterrevolutionary activities. Justice was rough, swift and harsh. Wit nesses were summoned at the discretion of the courts, defendants were refused the right of counsel, and verdicts were limited to acquittal or death. The rattle of the tumbrels, the two-wheeled...
...religious leaders, such as Iran's Ayatullah Khomeini, have wide powers to advise the faithful on the presumed will of the "Hidden Imam." Sunni religious scholars, the ulama, have less authority, though both branches of Islam consider their leaders to be teachers and sages rather than ordained clergymen in the Western sense...