Word: clioquinol
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Indonesia, vendors sell clioquinol (brand name: Entero-Vioform) at roadside stands. The potent antidiarrheal drug was banned in Japan and withdrawn from the U.S. market ten years ago, after it was linked to cases of acute abdominal pain and, in some instances, brain damage and blindness...
...multinational drug companies practice a "blatant double standard" in selling products to poorer nations. Side-effect warnings that are disclosed in drug reference books in industrialized nations are sometimes left out of guides used in underdeveloped lands. Products that are outlawed or severely restricted in the Western world-clioquinol and aminopyrine, a fever and pain remedy linked to a serious blood ailment-are dumped in the unregulated markets of Southeast Asia. Many of these products are elaborately promoted. Clioquinol was touted on Indonesian television until the government banned all TV commercials last year. Other products, including vitamins and "tonics...
...author of three earlier books condemning drugmakers, Silverman is a persistent gadfly, but an influential one. Among his targets are the biggest drug producers in the world. Switzerland's Ciba-Geigy, fourth in sales in the indus try, is accused in the report of dumping 30th clioquinol and aminopyrine. The West German giant Hoechst and E.R. Squibb and Sons, Inc., of Princeton, N.J., are charged with selling tetracycline in Southeast Asia without sufficient warnings that the antibiotic can discolor children's teeth. California-based Syntex Corp. is taken to task for failing to publish standard warnings on birth...
...equipped to establish tough controls. In Kenya about 40% of government-purchased drugs wind up in the hands of thieves. Black markets and roadside outlets for stolen pills flourish in much of Africa and Asia. Even when controls exist, enforcement may fail. Philippines officials told a TIME reporter that clioquinol is no longer available, yet the reporter bought it (Ciba's Mexaform) at a major Manila drugstore. Parke-Davis' chloramphenicol and Upjohn's tetracycline were also available-no prescriptions requested, no warnings offered...
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