Word: co2
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Johnson argued that California's regulations had been preempted by national fuel economy legislation just been signed into law by President Bush, which requires all new cars and trucks to meet a toughened 35-mpg standard by 2020. He also contended that CO2 - unlike the pollutants that cause smog and other local problems - causes an essentially global problem, and therefore California's request didn't meet the "extraordinary and compelling" justification needed for a state waiver under the original Clean Air Act. "The Bush Administration is moving forward with a clear national solution - not a confusing patchwork of state rules...
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) denying California and 16 other states the right to set their own standards for carbon dioxide emissions from automobiles was an unpleasant surprise, even by Bush standards. The announcement, made by EPA Administrator Stephen Johnson, temporarily torpedoes state efforts led by California to drastically reduce CO2 emissions from cars by treating the greenhouse gas as a pollutant that could be regulated like any other. The California initiative, part of the state's landmark climate change plan, could have provided a nationwide model for cutting automobile emissions, one of the single biggest sources of greenhouse...
...this leaves the industry too little time to apply by 2012; the cars of 2012 will be on the drawing table tomorrow." The group also points to studies, including the Stern report, which suggest that vehicle technology is one of the least cost-effective ways of bringing down CO2 emissions from transport...
...says transport is the worst-performing sector under the Kyoto Protocol, and transport CO2 emissions in the E.U. grew by 32% between 1990 and 2005 while other sectors reduced their emissions by 9.5% on average over the same period. The group also believes some carmakers are making progress: Fiat has already met a target voluntarily adopted by the industry, to bring emissions down to 140g/km by 2008. Citroen and Europe's second largest carmaker, Renault, are on track to meet this target and Ford and Peugeot are not far off either...
...Commission announced back in February that carmakers should cut CO2 emissions to 130g/km through improvements in vehicle motor technology by 2012, with the further reduction of 10g/km to be achieved by additional measures like using biofuels, improving tire performance, and developing less intensive air-conditioning systems...