Word: coal
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...still requires the cold fear of war hanging over the heads of his 650 million subjects to help force the harsh realities of the Communist revolution down their throats. Peasant resistance to Mao's rural communes, though chiefly passive, has reached proportions alarming to Peking: food, coal, steel and industrial production are sagging far below earlier boastful figures. And for all his claims that Red China is moving into an entirely new phase of human development, Mao has found no other way to whip up his unenthusiastic masses than the timeworn device employed by every despot since the world...
...week's end he released another report stating that the impact of the steel strike "has been severe and is expected to be felt increasingly in weeks to come." The number of jobless workers in steel-related industries has risen to about 125,000-60% in railroads and coal mining-and 75,000 of them have applied for unemployment aid. But there is not yet any shortage of steel for defense plants, and none looms in the near future. Foreign steelmakers were supplying part of the demand, used the situation to boost their prices-normally...
Other German attempts to prop coal have also flopped. Last February Bonn put a $4.76-per-ton tariff on all coal imports exceeding 5,000,000 tons a year, mostly from the U.S. That only irritated U.S. producers. The tariff halved imports from the U.S. to 3,100,000 tons in the first six months of 1959, but German surpluses went up by almost 5,000,000 tons...
...free enterprisers, the obvious solution would be to unshackle the fuel market. That would probably cut production of the uneconomic coal industry, rather than the fast-growing, efficient oil industry. West German miners dig only two tons a day (v. twelve tons for a U.S. miner), and domestic coal still sells in German port cities for $4.75 a ton more than U.S. coal, despite the tariff. West German coal production of 132 million tons a year far exceeds its needs, and its exports are heading down because surpluses in France run to 11,100,000 tons, in Belgium...
...Bonn is committed to preserve the jobs of most of West Germany's 306,000 coal miners, fears the power at the polls of the 600,000-member union of coal, iron-ore and potash miners. This makes little sense to German economists, who point out that the booming country has a labor shortage in many other industries, now has only 215,000 unemployed, fewer than ever before...