Word: coal
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...income was down from $26,193,000 to $19,595,000, and Norfolk & Western, normally one of the most profitable, had a 23% earnings decline. The N. & W. managed, however, to set another sort of record. Pulled and pushed by eight diesel engines, a supertrain of 450 coal cars moved over 47 miles of N. & W. track to set a freight-train record for U.S. railroads. Any motorist caught at a grade crossing had to wait ten minutes for the supertrain to pass...
...which Britain had not experienced since the Reform Bill of 1832 created the modern Parliament. Attlee's Laborites set up an entire social security system and welfare state in Britain, and joggled the underpinning of Britain's free-enterprise system by nationalizing the huge steel and coal industries, the trucking companies, railroads and airlines...
Industry is in even worse shape. In Anshan, which normally produces half of China's 12 million tons of steel a year, several blast furnaces are reported to have been destroyed by recent rioting. There have been consistent reports of trouble in coal mines and of shortages of coal, and a full-scale battle was reported in August at China's biggest oil center, at Teaching in Manchuria. "Demons and monsters," Peking's People's Daily stormed a few weeks ago, "deliberately incite one group of the working masses to oppose another and upset the order...
...this action, however, affected just the private sector. For public employees, it remains true that strikes are illegal and that any attempt to strike can be fought with an injunction. In a famous 1946 case, a strike by John L. Lewis' United Mine Workers against coal mines then operated by the Government was smashed by a federal court order that eventually cost the union $700,000 in fines and Lewis himself $10,000. Nonetheless, work stoppages by Government employees are increasing phenomenally; there were 142 last year, more than three times the total of the year before...
...scientific" approach, however, Das Kapital pioneered a new form of social history; up to then, no one had really bothered to examine systematically such topics as British factory legislation, the diet of workers in Lancashire or the health risks in British coal mines...