Word: coal
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Energy Game" postulates a total energy demand figure for the year 2000, projecting current energy consumption trends and the effect of conservation. Each player then deploys existing energy resources and technologies to fulfill this requirement. A red light pops up and alarms sound if he exceeds environmental constraints on coal use or solar research and development limits. The game similarly constrains the extent of possible nuclear energy use, reflecting Westinghouse's sober realization that public apprehension can only stifle its market's growth...
...Coal-tar residues have drained into an aquifer under the metropolitan area of Minneapolis and St. Paul. While the Twin Cities draw water from the Mississippi River, many of their suburbs depend on the threatened underground supply. Near Charles City, Iowa, some deep wells 30 to 40 miles downstream from a chemical dump have shown traces of contamination. At the waste heap, state analysts have found some 6 million Ibs. of arsenic, as well as large quantities of other dangerous chemicals. Says Larry Crane, director of the Iowa department of environmental quality: "It's an organic chemists' cauldron...
...only is the pace quickening, there is also a basic difference in the quality of change that modern chemicals make in the air, earth and water. Petrochemists have assembled the molecules contained in coal, oil and gas in new ways, producing compounds that do not exist in a natural state. These compounds are essential to such products as Pharmaceuticals, plastics,, insulation, textiles and food additives. But unlike many natural chemicals, most petrochemicals do not decay rapidly under the assault of such natural forces as bacteria, sun, wind and water. That puny plastic bottle once full of household bleach may well...
Conference participants glumly noted that such clean and renewable energy sources as wind, sun and tides will not play a significant role in energy for decades. Meanwhile, nuclear energy and coal remain the only practical answers to an increasingly energy-hungry world. Coal, though, presents enormous investment, transportation and environmental problems. Its real potential is still being questioned. As antinuclear partisans demonstrated outside the hall, Edward Hennelly, former president of the American Nuclear Society, concluded: "I am not unaware of the dangers of nuclear energy, but these concerns are far outweighed by the inevitable international showdowns over energy when...
News of the Gdansk agreement failed to stem the tide of the mining protest, and tensions were further heightened when a runaway coal car killed eight men in the Halemba Mine near Katowice. By midweek, 200,000 workers from some 22 mines and 50 factories had allied themselves with a central strike committee at the Manifest Lipcowy Mine in the southern town of Jastrzebie. To the 21 Gdansk demands, the miners added several of their own, including improved safety measures and an end to the four-shift "brigade" system begun last year to enable the mines to operate 24 hours...