Word: coal
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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That soupy brown air is the result of so-called black carbon expelled into the atmosphere in and around the Indian capital, from the burning of biomass for cookstoves and of black coal for electricity, and the incomplete combustion in the old diesel engines that propel most of the cars and trucks in the city. Breathing here isn't all that good for you - there's a reason the city is home to the "Delhi cough" - and now scientists are discovering that the sooty air isn't good for the climate either. According to some estimates, black carbon...
Unlike CO2, which can hang around in the atmosphere for centuries - CO2 that was emitted by the first coal-powered train is probably still in the air, warming the planet - black carbon has a relatively brief life span. It remains just a few weeks in the air before it falls to earth. That's key, because if the world could reduce black carbon emissions soon, it could help blunt warming almost instantly. "You can wait a week or a month and the totals in the atmosphere can be significantly different," says Eric Wilcox, an atmospheric scientist with NASA. Meanwhile...
...Coal usage will grow annually about 2.5% from now to 2030, which could lead to massive increases in air pollution...
...Energy demand will rebound sharply once the recession ends and rise about 40% by 2030. Fossil fuels - oil, coal and gas - will make up about three-quarters of the global increase in energy consumption...
...sprightly middle-aged man in the 1950s, Heinrich Boere dug for coal in the rich deposits surrounding the West German town of Eschweiler. Now age 88 and reliant on a wheelchair, he's having to revisit even darker depths that were reached during his lifetime. In what is likely to be one of Germany's last Nazi war crimes prosecutions, Boere is finally standing trial in the German city of Aachen for the murders of three Dutch civilians in 1944, when Boere was part of a Nazi death squad...