Word: coaling
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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From Stuyvesant Peabody, coal tycoon...
...chemist's pride, in switching world commerce around by his inventions of synthetics for natural products, swelled last week when he read the news bulletin just published by the National Geographic Society. That bulletin was specific. From coal tar,* air-nitrogen, cotton, corn & wood, chemists have been making things from fertilizers to rayon cloth, from paint to pearls...
...Their coal tar red wrecked the business of Levant farmers who had been raising madder plants for madder red. A similar misfortune befell the indigo plant cultivators of India. In New Zealand kauri gum diggers are becoming impoverished. Chile, once boastful of its natural nitrate monopoly is humble. Synthetic rubber is a fact, although heretofore more expensive than Malaya and Sumatra natural rubber...
...From coking, a ton of coal gives 12 gals, of gummy coal tar. From coal tar, chemists have fractioned off more than 300 intermediates (esters, ethers, alcohols, etc.), from these intermediates about 200,000 coal tar products (dyes, perfumes, flavors, medicines, resins). William Perkin, London chemist, made the first coal tar dye (Perkin violet) in 1856, by accident...
...could thumb his nose at Marcus Daly. Perhaps in triumph, he went to Manhattan and built himself a house, in the tradition of Butte ugliness. It cost $7,000,000. It held: 130 rooms, 21 bathrooms, a furnace burning 17 tons of coal daily, 5 organs, 1 Turkish bath, a hideous tower, dining rooms on all floors, 4 picture galleries including the best and worst art of all periods. Within this pretentious tomb, Miner Clark lived quietly with his wife and children. He became a familiar figure in Manhattan, strutting down Fifth Avenue, his white hair waving wildly...