Word: coaling
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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FORD'S LAST pre-war film shows the disintegration of a family and a way of life in coal-mining Wales. It also represents the passing of an art. In How Green Was My Valley a certain type of American film reached its height--only to end. Ford's most intense melodrama brought the art of Griffith to an indescribable climax. Ford made many great films after World War II, but they are less intimate in subject, broader in pacing and lighting...
...successful civil engineer, he won degrees in engineering, law and political science, became a protégé of Robert Schuman and served at sub-Cabinet level in several Fourth Republic governments before entering the Senate. Schuman converted him into a European unionist. Poher worked with the European Coal and Steel Community, later became a member of the European Parliament at Strasbourg. Last October he was elected Senate President, succeeding its longtime leader Gaston Monnerville, who had resigned to campaign full-time against De Gaulle's referendum...
...year. Though miners are the nation's greatest sufferers from occupational ailments - notably "black lung" or pneumoconiosis - they get medical benefits only so long as they remain on the job. They argue, moreover, that the pension fund, fed by a royalty of 400 per ton of coal mined, ties the union too closely to the fortunes of the coal companies and tends to emphasize production rather than benefits for the mine workers. Last week West Virginia Representative Ken Hechler called for a congressional investigation of the fund, which in 1968 earned only $4,600,000 on a $180 million...
...issue that finally may unseat the U.M.W.'s leadership is mine safety. Coal miners, who won an 8%-a-year wage and fringe-benefit increase last October, argue that Boyle should have held out for a vigorous safety program on the part of the mine operators...
...miners were killed last year. Boyle did not exactly appease his dues payers with a graceless statement after Consolidation's supposedly "safe" Consol No. 9 turned into a gas-filled grave for 78 mine workers last November. The union boss philosophized that "as long as we mine coal there is always the inherent danger of explosion." Miners also complain about union inertia during this year's successful effort to get a bill through the West Virginia legislature compensating them for black lung, an irreversible condition that results from inhaling coal dust. Led by three coal-country physicians...