Word: coaling
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Since the Sharpeville massacre, the ANC has developed a mass following and an increased paramilitary sophistication. In June 1980, the ANC simultaneously blew up two coal-to-oil fuel installations in the Orange Free State and Transvaal regions. And the newly leaked CIA report says the ANC's "major incidents" against the state increased from 10 in 1980 to 41 in 1981. Even now, the organization exercises restraint, as the CIA points out: "It is clear the ANC could have inflicted a large number of white casualties if it had chosen...
BORN. To Tommy Lee Jones, 36, Harvard-educated, country-boy star of Coal Miner's Daughter, who will play Gary Gilmore in the forthcoming TV adaptation of Norman Mailer's The Executioner's Song, and Kimberlea Jones, 25, photojournalist; their first child, a son; in Auckland...
Church also campaigned on his record: a 37.5% pay increase over 40 months won in 1981, when other unions were making concessions. That raise, though, came only after a 72-day strike and what Trumka called "giveaways" in other areas, such as allowing the coal companies to pay less for the health care of miners. Trumka pounded away at the health issue with personal feeling: his father and the father of his bride-to-be, Barbara Vidovich, 35, suffer from black-lung disease...
Trumka argued that Church had not been effective at organizing coal miners in Western states. The U.M.W, said Trumka, spent some $10 million to bring in a grand total of just 542 new members from the West, which is only 17% unionized. The U.M.W. members see nonunion coal as a major threat to their jobs, one reason that U.M.W. joblessness stands...
...buried financially in a similar fashion. Last week the U.S. Department of Agriculture confirmed its estimates of record U.S. and world grain production in 1982. In Minnesota and the Dakotas, farmers are stuffing unsold wheat into their sheds, leaving tractors and combines out in the cold. An abandoned coal mine near Quincy, Ill., and an ammunition depot in Hastings, Neb., were recently readied for the storage of surplus grain. A few Iowa farmers are even planning to burn corn instead of oil in their furnaces this winter, and government officials in Nebraska are promoting the use of popcorn...