Word: coded
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...real losers in this situation are the U.S. residents who are forced to use relatively weak software. In January, a graduate student at Duke University took only four hours to break a code similar to those Web browsers use to protect credit card numbers. Netscape and Microsoft offer strong-encryption versions of their browsers to U.S. residents who ask for them, but because of export restrictions, the weak version is the standard. Many other products are similarly affected. Also in January, two private organizations, using $250,000 in computer equipment, cracked a code standard for government agencies and financial institutions...
Unfortunately, the Clinton Administration seems to see things the other way around. To keep individuals' documents open for government view, the Administration is pushing a plan for a national key escrow system, in which either the government or an approved third party would receive a key to every strong code, even those used only within the U.S. The Administration says that the keys would be accessed only with a valid court order...
...water metaphor illustrates the ease of flow and transparency that Nesson identifies with open code...
Along with open code, Nesson lists open content, open governance, security and open commerce as the center's chief areas of research...
According to Zittrain, who joined Nesson, Lessig and two Boston attorneys in signing the Eldritch filing, the case is "about openness" and is being openly discussed on-line thanks to open code...