Word: colds
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Beyond their scientific missions, the telescopes represent major technological achievements. The primary detectors of the scientific instruments on both telescopes have to be kept as cold as possible to be able to obtain high-resolution data while they make their observations. If the instruments or their surroundings reach higher temperatures, then they start to emit infrared themselves, swamping faint emissions from cool celestial objects. That means operating at temperatures of minus 272.7 degrees Celsius (522.9 degrees Fahrenheit), just 0.3 degrees above absolute zero. To do that, they use a cryostat, a giant bottle filled with more than 528 gallons...
Recently, relations between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, led by its most powerful member, the United States of America, and the Russian Federation have begun to resemble the hottest years of the Cold War, with talk of opposing missile shields and accusations of spying on both sides. And despite President Obama’s recent attempts to “reset” the United States’ diplomatic relationship with Russia, tensions between NATO and Russia are still on the rise...
...published a white paper outlining a twenty year, $74 billion plan to revitalize its navy so it could be ready, if need be, to counter a "major power adversary" - a thinly veiled reference to how some defense officials there imagine China's military project. "The front line of the Cold War may have been in Western Europe," says Andrew Davies, an expert on Asian military modernization at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute, a Canberra-based think tank. "But a future one could well be drawn through the western Pacific...
...cloud of uncertainty looms over the shape of things to come. Experts talk of China's maritime rise in the same continuum as that of the British Royal Navy in the days of Victorian empire, and the U.S. fleet during the Cold War. At present, China's naval capabilities are still that of a regional power - its own state planners aim for the PLA to finally have "risen" only in half a century's time. By then, the world could be very a different place. The Chinese navy could act as a stabilizing force - or a source of conflict that...
...something happened on the way to the EaP's founding summit - namely, the global recession. Many of the countries worst hit by the economic downturn are the same 12 nations that have joined the E.U. since 2004, most from Eastern Europe. Now not only are those post-Cold War newcomers - who used huge inflows of European development aid to build up U.S.-style economies - most in need of more emergency funding to prop up their credit-dependent markets, but they are also viewed as migrant threats to other E.U. nations already facing escalating unemployment. Not surprisingly, such factors have fueled...