Word: coli
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...what to make of the other images on Cuteoverload.com? A tiny snail. A lizard curled up in the palm of someone's hand. Giant plush-toy versions of the e. coli and Gonnorhea viruses. And, genius though the concept may be, one suspects that Hallmark stores will not be featuring an aisle devoted to "cats'n' racks" - the site's term for the photo genre featuring felines nestled between breasts - any time soon...
...majority of evolutionary pathways for organisms are closed off by natural selection. Daniel M. Weinreich, a post-doctoral fellow in the Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, headed a study—published in the journal Science last week—of the development of antibiotic resistance in E. coli. In particular, the scientists studied five point mutations that increases anti-biotic resistance in bacteria by five orders of magnitude. Since the overall mutation requires five sequential steps, there are 120 pathways from the initial, unresistant bacteria to the later drug-resistant bacteria. The study found that of 120 pathways...
Sadowsky, a professor at the University of Minnesota's department of soil, water and climate, is one of the world's foremost experts on tracking the sources of E. coli, the bacterium most commonly responsible for beach closures. E. coli is found in abundance in human fecal matter and represents a significant health threat, which is why the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency requires that E. coli levels in public waters be closely monitored. E. coli also grows in the guts of geese, cows and other animals, but the disease risk from nonhuman fecal bacteria is considerably lower...
Keasling, 41, has spent the past 13 years at the University of California, Berkeley, working out how to trick E. coli microbes into churning out synthetic and beneficial versions of plant products. He was particularly interested in molecules known as terpenoids, like artemisinin, which treats malaria; taxol, an anticancer drug; and prostratin, a potential anti-HIV compound...
...focusing his lab's work on producing synthetic artemisinin to drive down the price per dose to pennies. Keasling and his team at Berkeley have already worked out how to extract the genes responsible for making artemisinin and transplanted them into a harmless strain of E. coli. Now they're furiously working those 100-hour weeks to reroute the metabolic traffic in the microbe and produce oodles of artemisinin...