Word: coli
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...ACGGTAGAT, a message that researchers can decipher rather easily. It codes for a sequence of three of the 20 varieties of amino acids that constitute the building blocks of proteins. But the entire genome of even the simplest organism dwarfs that snippet. The genetic blueprint of the lowly E. coli bacterium, for one, is more than 4.5 million base pairs long. For a microscopic yeast plant, the length is 15 million units. And in a human being, the genetic message is some 3 billion letters long...
...doctors intend to inject cells containing a gene from the bacterium E. coli into cancer patients at NIH. The gene itself will have no therapeutic power, but it will help the researchers monitor the effectiveness of an antitumor treatment. More important, the transplantation techniques being developed for the experiment could someday be used to cure several genetic ills, possibly including Huntington's disease, sickle-cell anemia and some types of muscular dystrophy. Says NIH director James Wyngaarden: "We have reached an important milestone in medical history...
That is where gene transplants come in. Anderson has developed a technique using a "marker" that will let Rosenberg follow the progress of the TILs. The marker is the E. coli gene that makes a cell resistant to the antibiotic neomycin. Anderson has been able to tuck that bacterial gene into a virus and then implant the virus into TILs. Once inside the TILs, the gene becomes fully functional...
...produces light. But the process of collecting and grinding up fireflies to extract the enzyme was laborious and costly. She and Donald Helinski, a molecular geneticist, decided to isolate the luciferase gene, cloning exact copies of it and splicing it into the genetic machinery of the common bacterium E. coli. The E. coli could then massproduce luciferase by the vat. DeLuca and Helinski accomplished this task by using standard recombinant DNA techniques developed over the past 20 years and now widely employed in industrial microbiology laboratories...
Susan M. Hanley, 29, of Cambridge, is a research associate in a genetics research company, BioTechnica International, working in yeast mold biology. While she was an undergraduate, Hanley majored in chemistry, but has spent the last seven years researching E. coli, a common bacterium...