Word: collars
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...productivity-both gained some 3% last year-the economic utility of union membership is not readily apparent to the youngsters. More important, automation's forward march has hit labor unions by eliminating jobs among the easier-to-organize heavy manufacturing workers, and by creating jobs for white-collar workers, who remain notoriously cool to unions. Of the 23 million Americans employed in government, selling, banking and insurance, fully 85% to 90% have nothing to do with unions...
...McNamara, the collar controversy in the fall of 1961 was the last straw in decades of squabbling over how to get the services together on their supply purchases -a $3 billion annual business that involves everything from toilet tissue to electronic computers. Within weeks of the fight over collars, McNamara ordered the creation of a unified Defense Supply Agency with a difficult mission: "To improve supply support to the operating forces while materially reducing the cost to the taxpayer." Now a year old, the agency has already saved millions, proved itself invaluable in the Cuba crisis, and given a strong...
...Colgate-Palmolive get 40% or more of their sales abroad, and their trademarks are as recognizable abroad as at home. The armies of American executives who became global commuters in 1962 helped to increase the volume of international air travel by 20%. From Scotland to Singapore, the button-down collar was as familiar a symbol of the footloose businessman as the carpetbag in the Reconstruction South. To welcome the new invaders, the Banco di Roma issued a fat catalogue of investment opportunities in English. Berlitz, which had only 300 U.S. executives studying on company time in its language schools...
Salaries of middle-echelon executives rose only 2.7% in fiscal 1962, exactly the same as the rise in blue collar manufacturing wage rates. The Labor Department reported this week that its survey of more than 1,700 big companies showed that middle-echelon salaries run highest in manufacturing, utilities, wholesale trade and engineering. They scrape bottom in retail trade, finance, insurance...
West Germany's 6,400,000-member Trade Union Federation has made a turn toward the right with the election of free-enterprising Ludwig Rosenberg, 59, as chairman. Unlike his up-from-the-factory colleagues, Rosenberg is a lifelong white-collar worker who became a union organizer more out of intellectual conviction than economic necessity, fled the Third Reich in 1933 and later helped the British Ministry of Labor find wartime jobs for thousands of refugees from Hitler. Returning to Germany, he concluded that free competition would best invigorate the West German economy, became foreign affairs chief...