Word: colombianization
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Ongoing through June 30. “Life is a Catwalk (La Vida es una Pasarela),” featuring the work of Colombian artist Jaime Ávila. David Rockefeller Center for Latin American Studies, 61 Kirkland St. Free...
Amid the frenzy, Colombians were already beginning to ask them-selves if the tragedy could have been averted or at least limited in its scope. In an article headlined A PREDICTED DISASTER, the respected Bogot daily El Espectador disclosed on Friday that the Colombian National Institute of Geological-Mining Investigations (INGEOMINAS) had published a report on Oct. 7 warning of the virtual certainty of a disaster. The report singled out Armero and the village of Chinchin as threatened sites. As early as Sept. 26, INGEOMINAS had recommended the evacuation of towns at the base of the volcano. But the Colombian...
...private, the Colombian government showed far more concern about the situation. In the second half of October it invited a group of Italian volcanologists to visit Colombia. Their task: to give an opinion on the danger posed by Nevado del Ruiz. The team's conclusions were alarming. Said Franco Barberi, a professor of volcanology at the University of Pisa: "The volcano has certainly not finished its activity. Actually, the worst may be yet to come." On Oct. 22, the Italians submitted a report to the Colombian government warning that an "extremely dangerous" eruption could be expected at any time. They...
Said Herd, who wrote his doctoral dissertation on the Nevado del Ruiz volcano: "The Colombians were sincerely trying to respond to the hazard." Agreed Luis Eduardo Jaramillo, an INGEOMINAS spokesman: "We warned the people living in the area that something could happen. We gave them instructions about what to do if it blew up." Yet in their report the Italians criticized the Colombian precautions as "absolutely inadequate...
...Colombian eruption, like most volcanic events, is the result of continental wanderlust. According to the widely accepted theory of plate tectonics, the earth's crust forms the top layer of about a dozen major plates and several smaller ones, which range in thickness from 20 miles to 150 miles. These sections float on a gooey layer of partly molten rock known as the asthenosphere. As they move in different directions at an average speed of several inches a year, the plates collide, dive under and buckle against one another, crinkling up into a mountain range here, yanking apart to form...