Word: colon
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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...more than one a day. In the past 12 months they have located the genes for Huntington's disease, Lou Gehrig's disease, the so-called bubble-boy disease, the disease featured in the film Lorenzo's Oil, a major form of ataxia, and a common kind of colon cancer, among others. Scientists expect to zero in on the first breast-cancer gene any week...
...everyone. The risks of teetotaling are nothing compared with the dangers of too much alcohol, including high blood pressure, strokes and cirrhosis of the liver -- not to mention violent behavior and traffic accidents. Moreover, some studies suggest that even moderate drinking may increase the incidence of breast and colon cancer. Until there is evidence that the benefits of a daily dose of alcohol outweigh the risks, most people won't be able to take a doctor's prescription to the neighborhood bar or liquor store...
...record time, researchers isolate a gene for colon cancer...
...When we read about the ((evidence of a colon-cancer gene)) in May, we realized that the genetic instability being describing was identical to one that we already knew about in yeast," Fishel says. So he and Kolodner and their colleagues decided to hunt for a human gene similar to the yeast version. In November they rushed their results to the research journal Cell, which decided to publish the paper on Dec. 3. "We heard from Dr. Vogelstein a couple of hours after our paper was accepted," Kolodner recalls. Vogelstein, realizing he was about to be outpaced, then pulled together...
While legions of scientists are hunting down mutant genes like the culprit that causes some colon cancers, other researchers are seeking ways to fix the damage done by these mistakes of nature. Still in its infancy, the field of "gene therapy" has spawned dozens of experiments aimed at treating ailments ranging from cystic fibrosis to brain tumors. The goal is to transplant new genes into humans to do the work of defective ones -- or to give patients extra genes useful in fighting diseases...