Word: colonization
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...almost a century, medical researchers have tried to figure out why colon cancer seems to run in certain families. Did their misfortune result from blind chance, a shared exposure to some cancer-causing trigger in the environment or their diet? Or could they have inherited a rogue gene that made them more susceptible to malignancy? Now a team led by scientists from Johns Hopkins University and the University of Helsinki believe that they have found the answer. "What has heretofore been called familial colon cancer can now be called heritable colon cancer," says Dr. Bert Vogelstein, professor of oncology...
...medical genetics at the University of Helsinki. "It doesn't work at all like we and others had thought." As reported in Science, the researchers estimate that 1 in 200 people carries the defective gene. Of the 95% of them who will eventually develop cancer, 60% will get colon cancer and the rest will develop a variety of other malignancies, including tumors of the uterus, stomach, pancreas or urinary tract...
Even though the researchers have not yet isolated the gene, they suspect that it represents an entirely new pathway to peril. In the past, most genes linked to cancer, including a few linked to colon cancer, have been genes that play a role in regulating cell division, in some cases stopping cell growth when DNA is damaged. When such genes are themselves deranged, genetic errors can rapidly accumulate. But the newly discovered defect is not in a damage- control gene. Instead, it seems to be a direct agent of damage that somehow unleashes wave upon wave of DNA mutations over...
Other methods are more straightforward. In a forthcoming cystic fibrosis trial, Anderson says, doctors will simply "infuse the vector right down into the lungs. And there are even enemas of vectors for colon cancer...
Anyone familiar with Latino writing will be impressed by the distinguished authors included; the all-star cast includes such notables as Oscar Hijuelos, Gloria Anzaldua, Jesus Colon and Rudolfo Anaya. But this book is only an introduction to the prose of these talented writers and often omits some of their best and most representative work...