Word: comintern
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...liberal, non-Bolshevik Socialist, monarchist, Trotskyite, and Leninist positions before adding his own interpretation. Equally impressive are his analyses of Lenin as the ruler of a state. Here he gives a very reasonable explanation of Lenin's reasons for introducing the New Economic Policy. When he writes about the Comintern, Ulam not only manages to convey a great deal of information, but also elucidates the personal motivations of Comintern founders and members, and recreates the atmosphere of world communism under Russian rule. In passages like these a small plant seems to sprout from the rock...
Russia imposed sanctions on Yugoslavia in 1948 after Tito broke with the Comintern, but Tito survived. Arabs and Israelis embargo each other's products, but the results are hardly noticeable. In spite of U.S. sanctions, Cuba and Red China carry on. South Africa hardly realizes that it is being boycotted by 46 nations that are incensed at apartheid. The urge to trade is so strong that it usually can be dulled effectively only by outright war. Money talks louder than the flag...
Communism may no longer have a single line or direction, but it remains highly organized, aggressively international, and more intensely competitive than ever as a result of Sino-Soviet rivalry. Though the Cominform (successor to the Comintern) was dissolved in 1956, control over the worldwide Communist movement is still vested in special departments of the Soviet and Chinese Central Committees. Of the world's 105 Communist Parties, Moscow can count on 72, as against 21 for Peking. Twelve other Communist Parties-mostly in Western Europe-are vaguely independent. In 1964, foreign aid by Communist countries amounted to $1.7 billion...
...after an intensive course in subversive techniques at Moscow's University of the Toilers of the East (during which he established the beginnings of a close friendship with Stalin), Ho struck the theme that would resound throughout his career. Addressing the Fifth Comintern Congress that summer, he took European Communists to task for failing to appreciate the potential for revolution in underdeveloped areas. "You will forgive my frankness," he said, "but I cannot avoid explaining that the speeches of my comrades from the mother countries have given me the impression that they are trying to kill a snake...
Died. Otto Vigelmovich Kuusinen, 83, oldest member of the Soviet Union's aging twelve-man Presidium; of cancer; in Moscow. A native Finn, Kuusinen fled to Moscow in 1921 when a Russian-model Bolshevik revolution was crushed in his own country, became secretary of the Comintern, then returned home to rule over fellow Finns as puppet president of the 68,900-sq.-mi. Karelo-Finnish Republic, carved out of the eastern portion of Finland by Russia during World War II. His shrewd bet on Khrushchev in the post-Stalin power struggles won him a return ticket to Moscow...