Word: communalism
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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Down a jungle walk on Bengal's marshy coast last week, two Indian political leaders stalked solemnly away from Mohandas K. Gandhi's in-roofed hut, burned out in recent communal rioting. They were Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru and President Acharya Kripalani of the All-India Congress Party. Hindu women blew conch shells, and thousands of devotees showered the two leaders with flowers...
Next day, Gandhi renewed his spiritual campaign against India's bitter communal feuding. At 7:35 on the morning of Jan. 2, clasping a long bamboo pole in his right hand and flanked by four companions, Gandhi set out on a walking tour of Bengal's Noakhali district. On his "last and greatest" experiment, the Mahatma said he would visit 26 Moslem villages, would seek to rekindle the lamp of "neigh-borliness" quenched in that area (and in much of India) by blood...
...fashionable to speak of India's internal rivalries as if they were unique. In complexity, India's problems may still hold the palm (see FOREIGN NEWS), but recent months have brought the appalling realization that Britain faces in most colonies counterparts of the Indian communal strife. Whenever British rule is firmly consolidated and seemingly permanent, political conflict between native groups is nonexistent or subdued because there is no power for the natives to fight over. But when the British show signs of relaxing their grip on any colony, then racial, religious, tribal or individual competition to fill...
...bridge the gap between Hindu and Moslem, the Mahatma each day visited at least one Moslem family to discuss the spiritual causes behind communal strife. More & more Moslems (including 20 special bodyguards) were attending his prayer meetings. All the doctors in the section were Hindus and had fled during the rioting; Gandhi, whose medical theories include sunbaths, hip baths, milk and fruit-juice diets was tending the Moslem sick...
...Government's first point of attack was the collective farms. The decree charged collective farm officials with "encouraging the seizure of communal lands by individual economic elements" who had tried to "introduce the principles of private property...