Word: communalism
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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...Edgar Lee Masters wrote Spoon River Anthology, but how he got his material, how he came to know the secret lives of so many so well. A small town rearing consists, by and large, of getting to know and to be known by everybody, and to feel that intimate communal familiarity as both affectionate support and unrelenting intrusion; the flight from intimacy to the city's anonymity has often been impelled primarily by a craving for privacy. The bonding that occurs when one's very history is community property is formidable and, to certain temperaments, oppressive...
Soleri's disciples are mainly white, middle class and college educated. Many come from what they call "a small California college," which often turns out to be Stanford. Though they take communal meals and share a withering scorn for "obvious suburbanites," these principled individuals are only quietly radical. "Arcosanti is based on solid middle-class values," says Scott Riley, 27, a former "small college" student. "We don't object to sitting around Sundays reading the New York Times, but we refuse to get caught up in working umpteen hours to pay for a nice...
Sadly, the growing extremism in the West Bank has isolated or intimidated longtime advocates of communal peace between Jews and Arabs in the Middle East. In his quiet Ramallah apartment, Aziz Shahadeh, a lawyer since 1936, reflects on recent changes in the two communities. "I always thought that there was a silent majority of moderates among us, as there was among the Jews," he says. "Now the extremists are so powerful on both sides that the moderates have hushed their voices. Some day, there will be a catastrophe here, a real massacre...
More than 1,000 years ago, the Hopis (the word means "the peaceful ones") settled in the mesa-dotted desert farm land of northern Arizona. Passive and communal, they built stone and adobe houses on the tall mesas for protection against raiders, and farmed, hunted and gathered herbs on land that stretched away below them like a vast...
When Indian border forces arrived ten hours later, they found 350 bodies stacked in heaps along a narrow strip of road. It was one of the worst outbreaks of communal violence in a decade and another tragic demonstration of the strife that has long plagued India's northeast territories. The death toll from the massacres at Mandai and other villages is expected to reach at least...